Sooner or later, fine folds and folds of skin – wrinkles – appear on every woman's face. They can be of different depths, but modern cosmetological techniques can make them less noticeable and even remove them completely. In addition, thanks to proper facial skin care, you can delay its appearance by years.
Let's look at the types of wrinkles and the causes of their occurrence, as well as ways to eliminate them and prevention methods.
Types of wrinkles on the face
By locationcosmetologists identify wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and around the eyes, which are called "crow's feet".
Additionally, there are nasolabial folds, marionette lines that extend from the corners of the lips to the chin, and small purse-shaped wrinkles that appear above the upper lip.
In terms of depth, wrinkles are superficial, medium-deep and deep.
- Superficial wrinklesaffect the top layer of the skin - the epidermis. As a rule, they are small, there can be many of them and they can occupy a large area. These creases, which form a network of cracks, usually form due to dry skin.
- Deep medium wrinklesappear when superficial wrinkles develop and deepen into the middle layer of the skin - the dermis. This is mainly due to the fact that special cells called fibroblasts begin to synthesize less collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.
- Deep wrinklesThey form mainly in areas of natural skin folds. Its development is associated with processes in the skin and subcutaneous fat, muscular hypertonicity, structural features of the face and even genetic predisposition.
The tactics for preventing and combating wrinkles depend on the causes of their occurrence, which is why they should receive more attention.
The main reasons for the appearance
There are several main factors that contribute to the appearance of deep holes or fine wrinkles on our skin.
Natural aging
As a rule, after the age of 40, age-related wrinkles begin to appear on the face. In response to the decrease in the production of female sex hormones, collagen production decreases, the rate of cell renewal decreases, and the skin loses moisture and elasticity.
Additionally, gravitational ptosis can occur with age. When the soft tissues of the face are weakened and lose their elasticity, it becomes difficult to resist the force of gravity, so the oval of the face is deformed, the skin begins to sag, deep folds and wrinkles form.
Active facial expressions
Due to active facial expressions, you may have pronounced wrinkles in your 20s. The fact is that our facial muscles are attached to the skin and it moves following the contraction and stretching of the muscles. If the facial muscle contracts regularly, over time the skin in the area of its activity stops straightening and a superficial wrinkle forms, which can later turn into a deep one.
Habits that we often don't notice in ourselves, such as frowning, raising or furrowing our eyebrows, squinting our eyes and laughing, lead to the formation of wrinkles.
Photoaging
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin leads to cell damage and so-called photoaging. UVA rays disrupt the processes occurring in the epidermis and also destroy collagen and elastin in the dermis. As a result, the skin on the face becomes weakened, dehydrated and wrinkled.
Inadequate care
The occurrence of wrinkles is often associated with dehydration of the skin and interruption of the exfoliation process of the horny cells of the epidermis. Therefore, skin care, including regular cleansing, nutrition and hydration, is extremely important.
If you don't follow these steps or use the wrong cosmetics, you could prematurely age your face and cause wrinkles to appear.
Furthermore, genetic predisposition and dry skin type may be to blame for the early appearance of visible wrinkles.
Aggravating factors
In addition to the main reasons, there are several additional factors that lead to the formation and deepening of wrinkles.
Health problems
Dental and jaw problems can contribute to the appearance of wrinkles on the skin of the face. Some wrinkles, such as nasolabial folds and nasolacrimal folds, become more pronounced due to swelling and fluid retention in the tissues.
Deterioration in skin quality and the appearance of sagging and wrinkles may be a manifestation of diseases of internal organs, such as endocrine glands, liver, kidneys or lungs.
Stress
Constant stress can also cause wrinkles. During strong emotional stress, there is an increase in cortisol production, which slows down the production of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts. As a result, the facial skin loses its turgor, that is, the ability to return to its original state after compression, and forms wrinkles.
When stressed, blood vessels in the skin spasm and facial muscles tense. All this gradually leads to the appearance of wrinkles.
Bad habits
Any bad habits affect the beauty of our face.
Passive lifestyleworsens vascular tone and lymphatic drainage, making the skin less elastic and prone to the formation of wrinkles.
Late bedtime and constant lack of sleeplead to dehydration of the skin and cut off the precious time the body spends on restoring the epidermis. The fewer hours you sleep a day now, the more wrinkles there will be on your face in a few years.
Poor nutritionages the skin. Strict diets, especially with insufficient amounts of protein, mean that the skin has nowhere to get material to build tissue. And the abundance of carbohydrates in the diet, including sweets, causes collagen fibers to "sugarify", which is why they become fragile and lose their elasticity. All this leads to premature aging and the formation of wrinkles.
Smoke- one of the main bad habits that affect the appearance of your face. Tobacco smoke contains many harmful compounds that lead to skin diseases, dehydration, loss of antioxidants in the skin, and decreased blood flow. Smokers have a much higher risk of developing deep wrinkles than non-smokers.
Wrinkles often appear due to a combination of several reasons.
Methods to treat wrinkles
There are many techniques to smooth out wrinkles and make your skin firm, fresh and radiant again.
Facial massage
Thanks to a good manual and hardware massage, you can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, saturate tissues with oxygen, stimulate regenerative processes in the skin and remove swelling.
In addition, manual massage allows you to relax deep muscles, return them to their previous length and position and thus straighten facial wrinkles.
A series of procedures gives a pronounced effect, but even after one session, wrinkles become less noticeable and the face looks fresher and younger.
Despite the apparent harmlessness of massage, this method of wrinkle correction has contraindications. It is impossible to stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in case of oncology, blood diseases and enlarged lymph nodes for any reason. Also, massage is contraindicated for neuralgia and skin problems: exacerbation of herpes, purulent inflammation and allergies.
People prone to allergic reactions should not use essential oils when massaging their face.
Acid peels
Superficial and medium peels, carried out with cosmetics containing acids, are effective in combating wrinkles.
Superficial peelinghelps to exfoliate the upper keratinized cells of the facial skin, accelerates the epidermis renewal process, evens out skin texture and color and eliminates small superficial wrinkles. As a rule, salicylic, lactic or glycolic acid or a mixture of lactic and salicylic acid is used for this procedure.
Medium peelingpenetrates deeper into the dermis, stimulating the active synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid, skin renewal and smoothing or reducing medium-deep wrinkles. It causes peeling and the appearance of crusts, requires a recovery period and the use of special care products, but has a more pronounced effect. To remove wrinkles, post-acne and other skin problems with its help, glycolic acid, trichloroacetic acid or Yellow Peel are most often used.
However, without knowing how to apply the peeling correctly, you can cause dermatitis even with a product with a slight acid content. Therefore, it is best to contact a cosmetologist to carry out the procedure.
Botulinum therapy
To eliminate crow's feet, facial wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and in other areas, injections of drugs based on botulinum toxin are actively used. It temporarily immobilizes the muscle that forms the wrinkle, its fibers relax, acquire their previous length and the skin fold also straightens.
The effect lasts for six months, after which the procedure must be repeated.
Botox itself is not dangerous and does not cause poisoning, as microscopic doses of neurotoxin are used to straighten wrinkles. But wrinkle correction should only be done by a professional - a cosmetologist who knows the structure of the face well, as complications are possible if the medicine is administered incorrectly.
Among the most unpleasant side effects are eyelid ptosis, drooping eyebrows and difficulty with lip mobility.
Plasmolifting
With the help of injections of plasma with a high platelet content, obtained from your own blood, it is possible to stimulate the skin's regeneration processes and eliminate wrinkles.
Platelets contain growth factors that activate the production of collagen and elastin by fibroblasts. Thanks to them, plasma lifting returns firmness and elasticity to the skin, helps eliminate age-related expression lines and wrinkles, provides a lifting effect and improves complexion.
The same technique is used to stimulate hair growth on the head.
Plasmolifting is safe, as the patient's own cells are used as medicine. .
But these anti-wrinkle injections, like any cosmetic procedure, have contraindications. These are bleeding disorders, use of antithrombotics, oncology with metastases and purulent inflammatory skin diseases.
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is effective in correcting wrinkles and preventing aging - introducing microinjections of hyaluronic acid, vitamins, amino acids and other useful substances into the desired area, selected by a cosmetologist in accordance with the needs of the facial skin.
In addition to the components of the drug, microtrauma caused by a thin needle has an effect. They stimulate the skin's own regeneration processes and the production of collagen and elastin.
Mesotherapy is good for moisturizing dry skin and combating the first signs of aging, including superficial wrinkles.
It has a short recovery period: the bumps that remain on the skin after the injections disappear after a few days.
The result of the course of procedures – reducing the depth of wrinkles – lasts a year and a half.
But, in addition to traditional contraindications, mesotherapy is not recommended for those suffering from serious kidney diseases. And it is important to remember that there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the medication.
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SMAS lifting, the effect of which is compared to facelift plastic surgery, helps to eliminate superficial and medium-deep wrinkles, make nasolabial folds less pronounced and improve the shape of the face.
The device for this procedure emits ultrasound, which penetrates deep into the skin to the muscle layer and stimulates the production of collagen and elastin.
The cosmetologist specifically treats areas of the face with wrinkles for 30 to 90 minutes. In this case, the patient feels heat, slight tingling and tightness in the skin.
The most pronounced effect, including correction of facial wrinkles, is achieved approximately six months after the procedure and lasts for more than a year. In this case, just one session every few years is sufficient.
Contour plastic
Another option for correcting wrinkles is contouring plastic surgery. During the procedure, a filler for age and expression wrinkles is injected - a biodegradable hyaluronic acid gel or the person's own adipose tissue. The injection fills the gap, smoothes the skin and gives the face a more youthful appearance.
The same technique is used to restore harmonious facial proportions, including lip contours and volume.
The effect of non-surgical contouring lasts up to two years.
But this is a rather serious procedure for eliminating wrinkles, which should be carried out only by a professional doctor and only with certified medicines. Poor-quality filler, incorrectly selected density or improper injection under a wrinkle can lead to the opposite effect - the appearance of irregularities and even tissue fibrosis or a violation of facial expression.
Fractional photothermolysis
Fractional photothermolysis can be used to eliminate wrinkles of any depth and restore skin elasticity. The procedure uses a fractional laser. Its beam, divided into small beams, penetrates deeply into the skin and specifically damages it, stimulating regeneration processes and activating collagen production.
Because the laser acts at a certain stage and does not process the entire tissue, recovery is very fast.After the procedure, red dots appear briefly on the face, but no serious heat burn occurs.
After just one session, a pronounced rejuvenating effect and the disappearance or reduction of wrinkles are noticeable.
The procedure is moderately painful and has a recovery period.
Laser peeling
In addition to fractional, that is, targeted, photothermolysis, general laser peeling is used to combat wrinkles, during which the entire face is treated evenly. It exfoliates dead cells layer by layer, evaporating areas of tissue and the depth of impact can be superficial or medium.
The effect of the anti-wrinkle procedure is similar to acid peeling, with the difference that instead of acid, a laser is used for exfoliation.
Several sessions of laser rejuvenation can smooth fine lines and reduce deep age and expression wrinkles.
However, after medium laser peeling, there is more damage than after fractional exposure, therefore a longer recovery period is required.
To choose the ideal procedure to combat wrinkles, it is best to consult a cosmetologist. He will assess the condition of the skin on the face and the general condition of the body, indications and contraindications for the use of various cosmetic methods against wrinkles and recommend the most effective and safe method.
Wrinkle prevention: advice from a cosmetologist
The formation and deepening of wrinkles can be avoided by taking proper care of your skin and replacing some bad habits with healthy ones.
Care that will keep your skin young
Care that includes high-quality cleansing, hydration, nourishing the skin and protecting the face from ultraviolet radiation helps delay the appearance of wrinkles.
To exfoliate old cells, cosmetologists recommend using acids.
Cosmetic products with hyaluronic acid are especially good for moisturizing the skin and preventing wrinkles.
To stimulate collagen production and preserve its fibers, you should pay attention to cosmetics with retinol, peptides and antioxidants.
In addition to basic care - creams that protect the skin of the face during the day and restore it at night, you can also use serums with concentrates of useful substances to prevent wrinkles.
Instead of choosing cosmetics by trial and error, it is better to make an appointment with a cosmetologist. He will write the ideal care program for you, selecting products that meet your skin's needs.
Habits that will help delay the appearance of wrinkles
A few more recommendations will help slow down the formation of wrinkles.
- To dream. To regenerate facial skin, it is useful to sleep at least 7 hours a day.
- Water. To activate metabolic processes in the skin, it is necessary to drink plenty of water - about 2 liters per day.
- Nutrition. Building healthy, firm, wrinkle-free skin requires a balanced diet with lots of proteins, fatty acids and vegetables. At the same time, it is important to limit flour and sweets.
- Succeed.For good blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in the facial area, you need to move. Not only any sports activities are suitable, but also walks in the fresh air.
- Relaxation. To prevent wrinkles, it is important to learn to relax your facial muscles. Both visiting a massage parlor or self-massage, and psychological practices will help with this.
- Calm. To prevent premature skin aging and the appearance of wrinkles, it is advisable to learn to deal with stress and let it enter your life as little as possible.
Proper care and lifestyle changes will improve the health and appearance of your facial skin, as well as reduce the number of wrinkles that appear in the future.
Trust experienced cosmetologists, take care of your appearance, sign up for cosmetic procedures in professional centers with qualified doctors.